Diarrhea refers to an increase in frequency and/or a decrease in consistency of bowel movements and is a very common pediatric problem. Most often caused by viruses, diarrhea is also caused by bacteria, parasites, and inappropriate diet. Chronic diarrhea may be a sign of more serious, often lifelong, illness. Diarrhea usually lasts a few days but, especially in younger patients, may last a few weeks. No tests are necessary unless there is a suspicion of an unusual cause.

Prevention of dehydration and malnutrition is the key for treatment. Rehydrating fluids, such as Pedialyte, are very important but should not be used for more than 24 hours. Regular diet should be reinstituted preferably within the first 24 hours. The BRAT diet (Banana, Rice, Apple, Toast) can be of some value in the older pediatric population about 2 years old and above, but is not routinely recommended. Withholding milk products is not of clear benefit. Antidiarrheal medications can be harsh on the system, and are generally not recommended in the younger pediatric population.

Good hand washing is the best way to prevent the spreading of bacteria. The Rotavirus vaccine, once it is available, should significantly decrease the incidence of diarrhea. Ask your child’s physician for advice regarding the appropriate immunization schedule, and carefully monitor your child’s diet to avoid frequent bouts of diarrhea.

For more information about childhood diseases or development, contact Inez Balinska, MD or Darek Balinski, MD, Bay Regional Pediatrics, Medical Mall, 1456 W. Center Road, Essexville. (989) 895-4840.